This site suggests algebra, geometry, trigonometry, drafting, mechanical drawing, and computer science. I suggest geography and/or social studies, too, and any courses or extra-curricular activities that will give you an exposure to maps or orienteering. If you are planning a career surveying in a particular area, I suggest a strong dose of local history, as well. All US states require land surveyors to be licensed.
Now, most surveyors need a bachelor’s degree. A number of universities offer bachelor’s degree programs in surveying, and many community colleges, technical institutes, and vocational schools offer 1-, 2-, and 3-year programs in surveying or surveying technology.
Most cartographic and photogrammetric technicians also have specialized postsecondary education. High school students interested in surveying and cartography should take courses in algebra, geometry, trigonometry, drafting, mechanical drawing, and computer science.