A median score is considered the 'middle' score or the numerical value that separates the higher half of a sample from the lower half. In order to find the median score from a list of values, it is necessary to list the values from lowest to highest and select the 'middle' one. If there are two 'middle' values then you will need to calculate the mean of these two values. For example, if you have the list of scores 45, 32, 98, 12, 4, you will first need to arrange these in order of lowest to highest. This will give you 4, 12, 32, 45, 98. As there are five numbers in this series, the third number will be considered the median, in this example the median is 32. If there is an extra score added to this series, say 27, you will instead have the values 4, 12, 27, 32, 35, 98. In this example there are two middle numbers, 27 and 32. Here you will need to calculate the mean by adding the numbers together and dividing by the number of values there are. For this example you will need to add 27 to 32 to get 59 and divide by 2. This gives the result of a median of 29.5.
Typically in a collection of data, half of the values should be greater than the median and half should be lower than the median. If either side of the median is less than half, this means that there are some scores that are the same value as the median. A median can be used as a measure of location when the end values are not known, a distribution is skewed or when it is required that reduced importance needs to be attached to outliers. The median is difficult to handle theoretically and many argue that this is its biggest disadvantage.
Typically in a collection of data, half of the values should be greater than the median and half should be lower than the median. If either side of the median is less than half, this means that there are some scores that are the same value as the median. A median can be used as a measure of location when the end values are not known, a distribution is skewed or when it is required that reduced importance needs to be attached to outliers. The median is difficult to handle theoretically and many argue that this is its biggest disadvantage.